If you want to cook something quickly, you heat it from both sides. That’s what’s happening to the West Antarctic ice sheet(南极洲西部冰盖). A new study reveals that the area under the ice sheet is far hotter than previously thought, fed by an unexpected flow of geothermal energy(地热能). While the CO2 we send out heats the atmosphere above the continent, earth is melting us ice from below.
If you were to drill (钻) deep at some place on the continents, you would find that the temperature increases about 25℃ for every kilometer deep into the hole on average. Scientists call this the geothermal gradient(地热梯度). Until recently, no one had drilled deeply enough through the West Antarctic ice to determine the geothermal gradient underground. For the new study, researchers drilled all the way through the ice and into the mud. They found that the geothermal gradient was about 200℃, which is several times the global average on continents. Few predicted this result, although it had been showed that the earth below the West Antarctic ice is unusually hot.
Even with the new discovery, though, we still don’t know exactly where the heat is coming from. One interesting possibility is volcanoes, which are under the ice. As recently as 2013, scientists were still discovering volcanoes under the ice in the area, and there may be many more.
Some people say that these volcanoes, rather than manmade climate change, are responsible for melting the area’s ice. While it’s true that heat coming from within the earth, including heat related to volcanoes, makes the melting faster, it is just one contributor to the loss of the West Antarctic ice sheet---not the main cause. Today’s study could help us understand how the whole system, including global warming, is melting the ice.What’s happening to the West Antarctic ice sheet?
| A．The ice sheet is getting hotter and hotter. |
| B．It is heated from below rather than from above. |
| C．The ice sheet is producing a new kind of energy. |
| D．It is melting from both sides. |
What can be learned from the second Paragraph?
| A．It was the first time that researchers had tried to measure geothermal gradients. |
| B．The geothermal gradient showed where the heat came from. |
| C．The result was beyond the researchers’ expectations. |
| D．Researchers never knew the earth under the West Antarctic ice was hot. |
The author would probably agree that ___.
| A．the new discovery is unhelpful without a certain conclusion |
| B．no volcano has been found to support the researchers’ idea |
| C．volcanoes are the most important reason for the melting of the ice |
| D．global warming is surely one reason for the melting of the ice |
What’s the main idea of the passage?
| A．The West Antarctic ice sheet is in danger. |
| B．Researchers are trying to stop global warming. |
| C．The West Antarctic ice sheet’s melting will bring terrible consequences. |
| D．It has been known how to stop the melting of the West Antarctic ice sheet. |
|
Why People Get Tattoos
Jack lay, quiet and unmoving, for thirty minutes while a stranger |
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub – point (次要点) C: Conclusion
While I was in 9 th grade, I built a circuit (电路装置) for the traffic system of our city. After getting the first prize. I got this valuable advice from my father; “Do whatever interests you, and don’t let the work challenge you, make sure you are challenging that work.”
I have always preferred the projects which are challenging and related to real life problems. I clearly remember building a shipping program several years ago. I divided the whole project into several small sections. When I understood it clearly, used my brainstorming skill on it, and gave some basic ideas. Then I asked my professor for help before jumping into coding (编码). At first, I did not know how to ask questions correctly and always asked the question “How do I do it?” As I kept working and discussed with my professor, I became more comfortable and those “how ”questions soon turned into “what if I do this and that” types of questions.
It took me four days to write the code. The desire to solve the problem kept me sleepless all nights brainstorming in even greater details. Every time I saw my program running smoothly, I exploded with joy. I still remember the last day of my work. I was getting some problem and didn’t know what to do. At that moment, a man came in to clean. He has headphones, and he was dancing while cleaning the room. Seeing this, I burst out laughing. That moment calmed me. I regained energy and interest and started to work again, and soon I fixed the problem.
My success in the project proved that breaking up a large problem into small parts could help find a possible solution. Discussing the problem with others was also very beneficial. Now I have gained the confidence to attempt any kind of project.
59．According to the passage, the writer was interested in .
A．developing traffic systems
B．doing challenging projects
C．winning great prizes
D．writing different codes
60．The writer asked the question “how do I do it” at first because .
A．he had no clear idea about his program
B．he was too shy to express himself
C．he wanted to he understood easily
D．he preferred this kind of question
61．We learn from the passage that the writer’s shipping program .
A．would benefit people a lot
B．was done together with others
C．was difficult and needed patience
D．cost much money and energy
62．What would be the best title of the passage?
A．Do It Yourself
B．No Pains, No Gains
C．Learning with interest
D．Practice Makes Perfect
Congratulations on selecting our wireless mighty mouse. The mouse is of high quality. Only the scroll ball is visible at first glance, but it is actually a four – button mouse. At both sides, there are a couple of force – sensing buttons which can be programmed according to your need.
Setting up the Wireless Mighty Mouse
Put the batteries in the mouse first. Then pair the mouse and the computer. Setting up the mighty mouse is simple. You just need to install (安装) the software and turn the mouse on for it to get detected by the computer.
Using the Wireless Mighty Mouse
The mighty mouse has laser (激光) tracking technology, so you can use it on most surfaces. Another new invention is the 360 – degree scroll wheel. It is a multi – directional scroll wheel that allows you to scroll in all directions. The left and right buttons require just enough touch pressure to accept the input. Once you have set in up to your comfort, it functions smoothly without any problems. You can use either the left or the right button to click, doubleclick, and drag items. Either button can also be used to display an item’s short – cut menu. You can assign a function to the side buttons and the scroll ball, which also function as a button.
Cleaning Your Mouse and Scroll Ball
Use a cloth that’s been lightly moistened (湿) with water to clean. Don’t get moisture in any openings. If your mouse stops scrolling or if scrolling becomes rough, clean the mouse scroll ball. Turn the ball while cleaning for complete coverage.
56．You have to before setting up the mouse.
A．turn the scroll ball slightly
B．clean the mouse with a cloth
C．check the software in the mouse
D．connect the mouse and the computer
57．What can we learn about the wireless mighty mouse?
A．Its scroll wheel can move in all directions.
B．Different buttons have different functions.
C．Side buttons are more useful than left and right buttons.
D．Only the right button can display an icon’s short – cut menu.
58．The passage is probably taken from a (an) .
A．textbook B．instruction
C．research report D．scientific essay
We can offer you a place at one of the best universities in Britain. We’ll provide you with a choice of 150 first class courses developed especially to enable you to study in your own time, backed by the Open University’s own special study method-OU supported open learning.
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Did you know?
The OU is in the top 15% of all UK universities for teaching quality
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There are 9 month courses and new diplomas as well as degrees
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Whether you want to study to improve your jobs or for your own personal interest, there’s almost certainly a course for you. If you haven’t studied for a while, we’ll help you get started. No previous training or degrees are required, you just need a lively power of learning and a willingness to learn. It’s real value for money and you can pay by monthly payments.
Open University course materials are of the highest quality and come in a variety of forms, including video and audio tapes as well as texts. The OU leads the world in its use of new technology for learning. A number of courses provide source material on CD Rom. What else can the Open University offer you? The best way to find out is to use the coupon（折价券） below or phone us today.
57. This is an advertisement of _________.
A. inquiring (调查) English learning B. setting Open University
C. selling books D. attracting students
58. As a student of the Open University, you don’t need to ________.
A. buy any course materials B. have lessons all the time at the university
C. choose which course to learn D. pay any money for your study
59. The Open University can supply you with _________.
A. a course for training you English B. a classroom and a library for study
C. different kinds of free instructions D. different jobs to choose from
60. We can learn from the text that ________.
A. OU courses are popular in Britain
B. money for learning must be paid off at one time
C. we can’t telephone the university during the night
D. people can’t be employed without finishing OU courses
Due to the increasing number of violence acts produced in schools all over the world, more and more parents prefer to have their children educated at home rather than at school. This way they can assure their safety and well-being，although teachers and school representatives are trying to improve the situation in schools by increasing the number of the persons in charge of the safety of the students．
The main reason for violence acts are the films and cartoons that fill the children’s time．They want to do everything．they watch on TV and never think at the consequences，and they may hurt a classmate or a teacher．
On the other hand, parents are not fully satisfied with the children’s results obtained in classes and they consider private classes would have better results．
When a teacher has to watch 30 students in class he can’t probably see what each of them is doing，how he is writing，or if he understands the explanations．At home the teacher can explain in details everything the child doesn’t understand as many times as he considers proper．
And many times，the child grows fond of the teacher at home，who becomes his best friend，and who helps him whenever he needs someone to talk to．
However, the best solution would be a mixture between the education received at school and that at home，because school makes children communicate and socialize．Keeping a child at home for fear that there might be something bad happening to him only makes the child’s character weak and prevents him from knowing what real life is．Staying in a crystal ball only does harm to the child．
All in all，schools have been created to help children，not to harm them，so it’s best to keep children in these special places，where they learn，laugh，have fun and make new friends．
53．The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to．
A．teach parents the ways to keep theft children safe
B．show solutions to developing children’s character
C．explain the main reason for violence acts in schools
D．analyze an education problem and give opinions
54．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Classes
B．Who is to Blame．Parents or Schools?
C．which is Better, School Study or Home Study
D．The Relationship between Teachers and Children
55．Parents prefer to have their children educated at home because the following EXCEPT that
A．More and more violence acts occur in schools
B．Parents want to improve their Children's grades
C．Parents are concerned about their children’s safety
D．The education system is far from satisfactory
56． We can infer from the passage that．
A．violence TV programs have bad effects on children’s behavior
B．the teacher at home is more patient than the teacher at school
C．children today are weak from lack of sense of right and wrong
D．there ale too many students in class for a teacher to teach
