Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out .Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class. Now, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobe Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance (坚持不懈)can lead.
At the age of 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdon’s high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was“quite ridiculous”.
In spite of his teacher s criticisms，Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.
“My own belief is that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work,” Gurdon said.
In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的）information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal(哺乳动物）in the world.
In 2006，Gurdon’s work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample(样本）of a person’s skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient’s heart after a heart attack.
Luck favors the prepared mind Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. “Ninety percent of the time things don’t work，but when they do，you have to seize(抓住）the chance.” Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?
| A．Sir John Gurdon |
| B．Shiny a Yamanaka. |
| C．Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka |
| D．Gurdon’s science teacher. |
In what order are the followings mentioned in the passage?
a. create the sheep Dolly
b. take a cell from an adult frog
c. use a person’s skin to create stem cells
d. move a frog’s genetic information into an egg cell
e. grow into a clone of a frog
| A．b—a—c—d—e | B．b—d—e—a—c |
| C．b—d—a—p—e | D．b—c—d—a—c |
What does the underlined word “ridiculous” mean?
| A．无知的 | B．无畏的 | C．荒废的 | D．荒谬的 |
According to the passage, which statement is true?
| A．As a boy, he was told he was hopeful. |
| B．He ranked first at his high school in biology. |
| C．It’s impossible for the doctors to repair a patient’s heart after a heart attack. |
| D．In spite of-his teacher's criticisms, he kept working hard. |
What’s the main idea of the passage?
| A．Ninety percent of the time things don’t work. |
| B．Luck favors the prepared mind |
| C．Life is full of surprises. |
| D．How to know cells actually work. |
“No man is an island” is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely isolated life. Without other people, life became empty and sad. We all need friends.
For some of us, though making friends is not difficult, feeling shy, we may not want to make the first move. It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have.
There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous. This “how to” book about getting along with other people became a best-seller. It was later put into 28 languages.
Dale Carnegie’s advice seems to be simple, but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is the list of advice from his book.
1. Be friendly and polite. Always greet with a smile. Begin with “excuse me” or “would you please”, when you want to ask somebody. Remember to say “thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can.
2. Go out of your way to be nice. Find some time to do special things for other people. Making some soup for a sick neighbor may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbor feel a lot better.
3. Remember names. They say that the sweetest music to a person’s ears is the sound of his or her own name.
4. Be open-minded. Try to understand other people’s ways and ideas and learn something from them.
5. Listen patiently. When someone is talking to you, look at him or her, listen carefully and say something when necessary.The underlined sentence “No one can live a completely isolated life” means “______” in this passage.
| A．No one can live a hard life |
| B．No one can live without difficulty |
| C．No one can live alone |
| D．No one can live on an island |
Some of us feel it not easy to make friends because ________.
| A．we are afraid to make bad friends |
| B．we are too shy to take the first action |
| C．we feel worried that we won’t be able to keep our friends |
| D．we feel sure that we already have enough friends |
We can learn from this passage that ________.
| A．John Donne learned something from Dale Carnegie |
| B．friends are always friends |
| C．few people bought Carnegie’s book |
| D．the writer of this passage agrees with John Donne and Dale Carnegie |
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Carnegie’s book?
| A．Say “excuse me” before you ask. |
| B．Don’t visit your neighbor too often. |
| C．Think more about others. |
| D．People enjoy hearing their own names. |
The best possible title for this passage should be “________”.
| A．How to Make Friends |
| B．A Famous Book |
| C．About Friendship |
| D．John Donne and Dale Carnegie |
A survey was made about what to do if there was a fire. These are some of the replies.
| First name: Emily State or province: Illinois Country: USA Stay low, close to the ground and make your way outside. Then call the local emergency(急救)number from your neighbor’s house. This is the most important thing to do. Then wait for the firefighters(消防队员). |
| First name: Vanessa State or province: Texas Country: USA If there was a fire and I was in the shower, the first thing I would do would be to make all my clothes really wet and put them on. Then I would break the window with something and get out. If I couldn’t do that, I would lie down and leave the water running. |
| First name: Kystina State or province: Illinois Country: USA I’ve never actually been in a fire, but I know what to do. Sometimes at school we have fire drills so that we know what to do if there is a real fire. |
| First name: Henry State or province: Alaska Country: USA I would do what they did in the Great Fire, even though it did not happen in the real life. It was a very exciting story. |
Emily thinks that _____ is the most important thing to do if there is a fire.
| A．staying low |
| B．calling the emergency number |
| C．waiting for the firefighters |
| D．making the clothes wet |
_______ come from the same state.
| A．Vanessa and Henry | B．Emily and Kystina |
| C．Emily and Henry | D．Kystina and Henry |
Kystina would know what to do because ______.
| A．she was once in a real fire |
| B．she has read a story about a fire |
| C．she knew the emergency number |
| D．she sometimes has fire drills at school |
The Great Fire was ______.
| A．not a real fire |
| B．the biggest fire in history |
| C．a story that made people happy |
| D．a story that really happened |
Which of the following things is NOT mentioned in the passage if there is a fire?
| A．Making the clothes wet. |
| B．Waiting for the firefighters. |
| C．Putting out the fire by yourself. |
| D．Breaking the window and getting out. |
Nowadays, too much carbon dioxide makes the earth warmer and warmer and causes terrible effect to human beings. To save our planet and ourselves, a new lifestyle called low-carbon life becomes popular. Low carbon means low energy and no waste. It is necessary for everybody to learn to live a low-carbon life.
To live a low-carbon life, we’d better save energy as much as possible. Turn off the lights and TV whenever they are not needed. If possible, use cold water to wash clothes or dishes. Take a short shower and try to take a cold one when the weather gets warm. Don’t do the cooking with electricity.
To live a low-carbon life, we should eat less meat. Everybody knows eating too much meat makes people fat and easy to have heart disease, but maybe you don’t know keeping animals for food produces even more carbon dioxide than all the cars in the world, and being a vegetarian (素食主义者) can help reduce one and a half tons of carbon dioxide a year. Maybe it is a little difficult, but it’s really necessary.
To live a low-carbon life, we are supposed to do less shopping. When we go shopping, we may drive a car or take other transportations (交通工具). On one hand, these machines pollute the air and waste energy. On the other hand, most of us always buy some useless things because of some advertisements. It not only waste money but also causes trouble to the earth, because making everything will produce carbon dioxide more or less.
There are many other ways to live a low-carbon life, such as recycling things, planting trees and reusing textbooks. If we can keep it a habit in our daily life, the earth will become a safer planet for us to live on.
任务一：根据短文内容，用简洁的句子或短语完成下列表格。
| Advice |
How to Live a Low-Carbon Life |
| Advice 1 |
﹡ 1. |
| Advice 2 |
﹡ 2. |
| Advice 3 |
﹡ Take a short shower and try to take a cold one when it’s warm. |
| Advice 4 |
﹡ 3. |
| Advice 5 |
﹡ 4. |
| Advice 6 |
﹡ Be supposed to do less shopping. |
| Advice 7 |
﹡ Recycle things, plant trees and reuse textbooks. |
任务二：除了文中提到的建议外，你一定还有许多自己的想法，请写一条与大家分享吧。
﹡ 5.
It is well known that everyone has his own dream as well as his own future. But do you know what future really is? I have to say that future is now. That is to say, we must treasure every minute now. If we want to have a bright future, we should know how important time is and use it well.
There is an old English saying, “Gain (得到) time, gain life.” Then what’s time? Time is something that we can’t see or touch, but we feel it passing by. Time is always with us. When we are at table, time passes; when we play, time goes by unnoticeable. We always say “Time is money”, but time is even more precious (珍贵的) than money, because when money is spent, we can make it back. But if time is gone away, it will never return. So, some of us even say time is priceless (无价的).
We should always remember: future is now. For us students, we should try our best to work hard in order to create a great future of our own. We should make the best use of every hour and be the master of today. We should do everything before us as well as possible. And never put off (推迟) what can be done today till tomorrow.
As we all know, “Time and tide wait for no man.” If you waste today, you will regret tomorrow. So from now on, work hard. Tomorrow will be better, and your future will be brighter. Remember: “No pains, no gains.” Today’s hard work is the cause of tomorrow’s harvest.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。If we want to have a bright future, we should .
A. know the value of time and make every minute useful
B. feel time passing by
C. understand that time is always with us and we can waste itThe word “unnoticeable” means in Chinese.
A. 随意的 B. 不引人注意的 C. 慢慢的Time is more valuable than money because .
A. past time will return no more
B. time can’t be seen or touched
C. time is always with usFrom the passage, we know .
A. when money is spent, we should make it back
B. we can put off what can be done today till tomorrow
C. today’s hard work leads to tomorrow’s harvestWhat is the best title for the passage?
A. A Bright Future B. Time and Monday C. Future and Today
根据以上哈尔滨、北京、武汉、广州降水量年变化柱状图，选择最佳答案。has the most rainfall.
A. Beijing B. Wuhan C. GuangzhouThe rainfall is heavy from to , covering 80% of the year’s amount (总量).
A. April ; July B. May ; September C. July ; November amount ( 80% of the year'rom C C A BWe know from the above information.
A. the north has much more rainfall
B. Guangzhou gets the most rainfall in June
C. the south has much more rainfallBeijing gets rainfall than .
A. less ; Harbin B. far more ; Wuhan C. less ; WuhanWhich of the following is true?
A. The rainfall of Guangzhou in May is as heavy as in July.
B. The rainfall in Wuhan is about the same in May and July.
C. There is enough rain in the east, but little rain in the west.