D
Is a recently discovered hormone the reason why folks who lose weight can’t keep it off?
Like millions of other fat people, at 530 inches high, more than 300 pounds, Carnie Wilson was not just fat. After trying all sort of diets that didn’t work,
she has to go to the stomach – bypass surgery (胃部迂回手术), ie, have most of her stomach sewed up, only leaving tiny room to hold several tablespoonfuls at most. Result: she simply couldn’t eat the way she used to. In three years, Wilson is one third of her former weight.
Wilson’s experience is not all that unusual, and while doctors still aren’t exactly sure what is going on, a report in last week’s Journal of Medicine offers an explanation. The loss of appetite in bypass patients may be linked to a recently discovered hormone called ghrelin. Not only that, ghrelin may turn out to be one reason we feel hungry and it’s hare for didters to keep weight off.
Nowadays, researchers are careful to stress only what they know for sure. For the three conclusions, the leading Dr. David of the University of Washington says, “I feel very solid about two of them.” The first is that ghrelin levels in the bloodstream rise significantly before meals and drop afterward. The second conclusion is that ghrelin levels are higher on average in people who have lost weight from dieting.
Dr. David is less sure of the third conclusion, that bypass patients have only a quarter as much ghrelin as most people of normal weight. After all, ghrelin is produced by cells in the stomach. Years ago, leptin, a hormone was found as an appetite suppressant (食物抑制剂). But after years of trying, it had to be given up.
What doctor
s suspect is that both leptin and ghrelin are part of a complex system of brain and body chemicals that govern weight and appetite. That does not mena pharmaceutical (药物的) weight control is forever out of the question. “In the next ten years, we will be able to develop new drugs to help people lose weight healthily and effectively.”
47．What can we learn about ghrelin according to the passage?
A．After meals ghrelin levels are higher in the bloodstream.
B．People who have lost weight have less ghreilin in their body.
C．Without ghrelin, people are really difficult to lose weight.
D．Ghrelin is something produced by cells in the stomach.
48．What is Dr. David not sure?
A．pharmaceutical weight control is impossible.
B．There is less ghrelin in the bypass patients.
C．new drugs will be developed in 10 years.
D．ghrelin levels are higher in people on diet.
49．In fact, people’s weight and appetite are controlled by
A．ghrelin and leptin B．hormone and medicine
C．brain and body chemicals D．stomach and food
50．What can we infer from the passage?
A．People with a lower ghrelin level go hungry easily.
B．Doctors managed to use leption to control the appetite.
C．Doctors are optimistic about how to lose weight healthily.
D．The loss of appetite in bypass aptient is linked to leptin
第二卷（两部分共35分）
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文填词（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据以下要求：1）汉语提示；2）首字母提示；3）语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。
The snowstorm in our city last week wasn’t a large one, but
it ______ many accidents. The snow started to come down in 76．_________
the late afternoon. I saw it ______ the window of the office building where 77．_________
Mary and I work as ______(秘书). It had been snowing for an hour 78．_________
b______ I started to drive home. After twenty minutes, the accident 79．_________
happened. My heater didn’t work, and the snow ______(结冰) on my 80．_________
window, so I couldn’t see well. I had to c______ my window every few 81．_________
minutes. To make matters ______, the car hit the hill, turned over 82．_________
and stopped. I looked to see w______ I was hurt, but I wasn’t. 83．_________
_____(幸运) I’d been wearing my seatbelt. Soon the police 84．_________
came to r______ me, and I managed to return home later. 85．_________
第二卷（非选择题共35分）
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文填词（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
There are a few different r why people use small talk. 76
The first, and most obvious, is to break an uncomfortable s 77
Another reason, however, is simply to kill t . That’s why it is 78
so common to make small talk when you are w for something. 79
Some people make small take in order to be p . You may not 80
feel lchatting with anyone at a party, but it is 81
r to just sit in a corner by yourself. After someone 82
i you to another person ,you do not know anything about then,83
so in order to show a polite iin getting to know them better, 84
you have to start with some small talk. And remember in an English-speaking environment it is
often b to make a few mistakes than to say nothing at all! 85
第二卷
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文填词（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
A basketball match between the teachers and the students was
held on F_____ afternoon, March 4,2009 in our school stadium 76_______
The match began at 2:30 and it l_____ for an hour. It was really 77________
wonderful. The teachers had much more e ____ while the students 78________
were energetic. The scores ______(上升) by turns. The excited 79________
audience ______(欢呼) for every score. Then there were only two 80_________
______ left and the score was 60:60,which made all the players and 81 ________
audience very ______(紧张). At last the teachers team scored 82. ________
four more points and the teachers _____ the match. Though we 83._________
all f_____ a bit pity for the students, they said they had tried 84__________
their best and they were happy and quite satisfied with _____(自己). 85______
第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）
Four weeks ago US children dressed as monsters and asked for sweets. That was Halloween. In a few weeks American houses will be red and green and filled with presents, for Christmas.
As if all this isn’t enough, on Thursday this week, American will enjoy another festival—Thanksgiving.
Every year，in Gainesville，Florda，all entire class celebrate Thanksgiving together。Children will have two days off school, shops will close and houses will be filled with. Families enjoying mountains of food．Ｔhe class dresses up and puts on plays for their families. After the plays the families share a feast of traditional Thanksgiving foods like turkey and pumpkin pie.
Dean Foster, an 11-year-old boy will take part in this celebration. He said, “I love Thanksgiving because it means time off school, lots of nice food and a happy family.”
His brother Ben,nine,said, “The best thing about Thanksgiving is that when it is finished, it is time to start Christmas.”
But behind the food and the large amount of money spent there is another message. On Thursday evening, Dean and Ben’s family will make a basket and put it on the table as they ate their evening meal.
Each of them will write a list of things that they are thankful for and place the paper in the basket. The family will read the pieces of paper and take time to ____________for providing them with comfortable and happy lives.
Thanksgiving is a traditional festival that started in 1621, when the first pilgrims arrived in America to start a new life. After a hard year, they had a big autumn harvest. They held a feast and invited the native American Indians along to thank God for giving them enough food.
Many countries celebrate Thanksgiving. They often fall after the fields have been harvested and the crops collected for winter.
76 List three festivals according to the text. (Please answer within 10words)
①________________________
②_______________________
③________________________
77.What is the passage about? (Please answer within 10 words.)
______________________________________________________________________________.
78. Fill in the blank with a proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 8 words.）
_____________________________________________________________________________
79. Why do many American children like Thanksgiving ?（Please answer within 20 words.）
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
80. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SECTION B
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet. (6分)
High School In America
After middle school comes high school, which includes grades 9 through 12. Students are required to take certain subjects like English, social studies, math, science, and physical education. In addition, they choose among elective subjects (选修课程) to complete their high school education. Electives include subjects in technology, music, art, and foreign languages.
Each student in the school has their own locker for books and personal items. This convenience saves students from carrying textbooks, and allows students a small space they can decorate with posters and favorite objects.
Cheating in any form is strictly prohibited in American schools. And in fact, high school students usually don’t cheat. A student caught cheating or copying from another student faces severe punishment.
Each school holds certain yearly activities, such as homecoming (返校节), prom night (舞会), holiday celebrations, etc.
Many high school students have part-time jobs by the age of 15 or 16, some even earlier. Their first jobs are often babysitting or cutting laws, but later they will likely get a job at a fast-food restaurant, video store, or clothing shop.
{007}
58．Besides required subjects (必修课程), what other subjects do American high school students take? (回答词数不超过2个)
_____________________________________________________________________
59. Why do they seldom cheat? (回答词数不超过8个))
60. What are their first part-time jobs? (回答词数不超过9个))