（八）
Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.”
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.
“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink. They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease. “The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,” said Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.
1. The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph probably refers to “________”.
A. health
B. long life
C. ageing
D. effect
2. The text mainly talks about ________.
A. men’s heart cells
B. women’s ageing process、
C. the gender difference
D. hearts and long life
3. According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.
A. women have more cells than men when they are born
B. women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat
C. the female heart loses few of the cells with age
D. women never lose their pumping power with age
4. If you want to live longer, you should ________.
A. enable your heart to beat much faster
B. find out the reason for ageing
C. exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy
D. prevent your cells from being lost
5. We can know from the passage that ________.
A. the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out
B. scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells
C. the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss
D. women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20
| TV PROGRAMMES |
|
| Channel 1 |
Channel 2 |
| 18:00 Around China 18:30 Children’s programme 19:00 News 19:30 Weather report 19:40 Around the world 20:10 TV play: Sisters 21:00 English for today 21:15 Popular music 21:55 Talk stow |
17:45 Computers 18:10 Foreign arts 18:30 English classroom 19:00 Animal world 19:25 China’ 99 20:20 Sports 21:00 Guo Lanying 21:45 English news 22:05 On TV next week |
1 If you want to watch a football game, the best programme for you would be ____ .
A. TV play B. Sports C. Around the world D. Talk show
2 The programme of _____ will let you know much about western countries.
A. Sisters B. Around China C. Around the world D. On TV next week
3 If you want to know something about tigers, elephants and monkeys, the best programme for you is___.
A. Around China B. Animal world C. TV play D. Foreign arts
4 English classroom is a programme that___.
A. lets you know something about classrooms.
B. tells you something about students
C. lets you know something about school life
D. teaches you English
In the United States, teaching is very important. If teachers do not teach well, students complain. If many students do not understand, people think that the teacher does not do a good job. The teacher has big responsibility to make sure students understand. In a sense, students are consumers and the teacher is offering services.
Students have the right to evaluate their teachers, and they usually do so at the end of each course. That evaluation includes lots of aspects of teaching, such as explanation, preparation, using good examples, answering questions, and organization of classes.
Students are supposed to read required textbooks and recommended books before classes. Without reading them, they will find it very difficult to understand the class. Basic courses on doing research and writing papers are taught at the beginning of the program. They teach things very concretely(具体地) and clearly. Students are expected to apply what they have learned to their studies.
Classes are usually divided into lectures and seminars. There are some lecture classes, where the teacher just gives a lecture, and students ask questions at the end. Most graduate level classes are lectures and discussions. Participating in discussions is very important. Higher level classes involve very little lecturing. They emphasize discussion and presentation by the students.
1According to the passage, good teachers should ___________.
A．try to please their students
B．treat their students as consumers
C．understand their students well
D．made sure their students understand
2What are students expected to do before attending a class?
A．Go over the lessons thoroughly.
B．Understand the textbooks well.
C．Do the reading assignments.
D．Prepare on outline for discussion.
3When a program starts, students should first __________.
A．learn how to do research and write papers.
B．have some learning experience
C．learn about the course concretely and clearly
D．know how to participate in discussions.
4Higher level classes are taught mainly through ________
A．giving a lot of lectures to students
B．involving students in discussions
C．asking students questions in class
D．answering students’ questions in class
During the summer holidays there will be a revised（修改过的）schedule（时刻表）of services for the students . Changes for dining-room and library service hours and for bus schedules will be posted on the wall outside of the dining hall . Weekly film and concert schedules which are being arranged will be posted each Wednesday outside of the student club .
In the summer holidays , buses going to the town center will leave the main hall every hour on the half hour during the day . The dining room will serve three meals a day from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. during the week and two meals from noon to 7:00 p.m. on weekends the library will continue its usual hours during the week but have shorter hours on Saturday and Sundays . The weekend hours are from noon to 5:00 p.m.
All students who want to use the library borrowing services must have a new summer card . This announcement will also appear in the next week’s student newspaper .
1 The main purpose of this announcement is to .
A. tell students of important schedule changes .
B. tell students of new bus and library services .
C. show the excellent services for students .
D. ask students to renew their library cards .
2 At which of the following times will the bus leave the main hall ?
A. 8:00 , 9:00 , 10:00, 11:00 B. 8:30 , 9:30 , 10:30 , 11:30
C. 8:30 , 9:00 , 9:30 , 10:00 D. 8:00 , 9:30 , 11:00 , 12:30
3 Times for films and concerts are not listed in this announcement
because .
A. they are not to be announced B. they are hard to arrange
C. the full list is not ready D. the full list is too long
4 In the summer holidays , the library will have .
A. no special hours B. special hours on weekdays
C. special hours on weekendsD. special hours both on weekdays and weekends
People who speak or perform before the public sometimes may suffer from “Stage Fright. ” Stage fright makes a person nervous. In the worst case(情况) it can make one's mind go back and forget what one ought to say, or to act. Actors, musicians, dancers, lawyers, even radio show hosts(节目主持人) have suffered from stage fright at one time or another.
Diana Nichols is an expert in helping people free from stage fright at a medical centre in New York City. She helps actors learn to control themselves. Miss Nichols says some people have always been afraid to perform before the audience. Others, she says, develop stage fright after a fearful experience.
She offers them ways to control the fear. One way is to smile before going onto the stage. Taking two deep breaths also helps. Deep breathing helps you get control of your body.
Miss Nichols persuades her patients to tell themselves that their speech or performance does not have to the perfect. It's all right to make a mistake. She tells them they should not be too cautions(谨慎的) while they are performing. It is important that they should continue to perform while she is helping them. After each performance, they discuss what happened and find out what advice helped and what did not. As they perform more and more, they will fear less and less as much as 50%. Miss Nichols says the aim is only to reduce stage fright, not to eliminate it completely. This is because a little stage fright makes a person more cautious, and improves the performance.
1 One who is suffering stage fright may .
A. forget one's part before the audience
B. smile all the time on the stage
C. make a speech fast than ever
D. be cautious to improve his performance
2 The underlined word “eliminate” in the last paragraph means .
A. keep B. reduce C. change D. get rid of
3 The wrong way to overcome stage fright is .
A. to smile before going to the stage.
B. to take two deep breaths to calm oneself
C. to pay less attention to one's mistakes in performance
D. to perform less and to watch more
4 Which of the following statements is right?
A. We can get rid of stage fright completely.
B. A little stage fright can make actors perform better.
C. We can reduce stage fright as much as one third.
D. A little stage fright leads to complete failure.
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ A、B、C、D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Businessman ordered ten goldsmiths to make ten coins each. Each coin was to weigh exactly ten gram of pure gold.
One of the goldsmiths was a bad man. He decided to cheat. He made all his coins one gram short. Now the businessman heard that one of them had cheated. He also heard that this man had made each of his coins one gram short.
The businessman was a clever person. He took a certain number of coins from each of the smiths, weighed them together once only and found their weight to be 540 grams. This was enough for him to find out which one of the goldsmiths had cheated.
1 The word “goldsmith” means .
A. a person named Smith who sells articles(物品) made of gold
B. a thief who steal gold
C. a worker who makes articles of gold
D. a person who works for the man named Smith
2 The businessman found the cheat by .
A. looking each man in the eye
B. weighing one coin after another
C. weighing coins
D. asking who hadn't made coins according to his request
3 In order to find the cheat, the businessman weighed coins altogether .
A. fifty B. fifty-four C. fifth-five D. sixty
4 Suppose the businessman took one coin from the first smith, two from the second,
and ten from the tenth, he found out that he goldsmith was the cheat.
A. first B. sixth C. ninth D. tenth