IV.词汇、句型与写作(共四节，满分50分)第一节语法填空（-优题课

根据文意及首字母或汉语提示出单词，使文章通顺完整
Dear editor
I am Evan from Canada. Being the eldest child in the family has its disadvantages. First of all, I have to share all my （玩具） with my younger sisters. Of course, they don’t n to return the favour because I’m totally uninterested in their things. （除……之外）that, they are always hanging around me. I just can’t get a moment’s p .
At meals, l have to eat whatever is o the plate regardless of the taste. My sisters only try one bite if it’s not t favourite food. In addition, w it comes to practicing our musical instruments, l have to practice m than double the time. Worst of all, l get a larger quantity of homework,（对比）to them.
I’m feeling rather annoyed. Can you please g me some advice?
Yours truly
Evan Smith
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______
_______ _______ ______________ _______

A lecturer was giving a lecture to his students on stress management. He raised a glass of water and asked the audience, ‘How heavy do you think this glass of water is?’
All of the students tried to answer the question, and their answers ranged from 20g to 5OOg.
‘It does not matter on the absolute weight. It depends on how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour,l will have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you will have to call an ambulance. It is exactly the same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes.’
‘If we carry our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will not be able to carry on, because the burden is becoming increasingly heavier.’
‘What you have to do is to put the glass down, rest for a while before holding it again.’
We have to put down the burden periodically（定期地；周期性地），so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on. Otherwise I think that we will break down on the half way and can’t realize our dream as we planned.All of us should really keep this in mind.
Before you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down. Don’t carry it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow.
Whatever burden you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for a moment if you can. If you do like this, you can greatly improve your work efficiency（效率） and life quality.
Life is short; let’s enjoy it to the fullest.
根据短文内容完成表格，一空一词。

Title	How to relax ourselves
Theme	Put down the burden to get _______.
The lecturer’s question	How heavy is the glass of water? The question was raised on _______ stress.
The students’ answer	The students gave answers from 20g to 500g．
The lecturer’s explanations	•The weight of the glass of water _______ on the time of holding it. •The longer you hold it, the heavier it will become. •Hold it for a minute, and you will feel _______. •If you hold it for an hour, your right arm will ache. •An ambulance will have to be _______ if you hold it for a day. •If we carry the burden too long, we will be _______ to carry on.
The methods to relax	•To relax, you must put the glass down. •After a ______ , hold the glass up again. •Put down the burden _______ to get refreshed to carry on.
The writer’s _______	•Put down the burden of work before you go home and pick it up tomorrow. •Let down the burden on your _______to rest for a while. •Enjoy your life.

There are a number of languages spoken throughout the world. Every person knows at least one language, which he learns in his childhood and is routinely used for speaking and writing. However, many people are fond of learning two or more languages, so they try to be bilingual, which means that they try to have the knowledge of two or more languages. And being bilingual can bring a person a number of benefits in various aspects. For example:
A person can get cognitive(认知的) benefits from it. The bilingual people have two or more words for each idea and object. Therefore, a bilingual person can develop a creative thinking. The bilinguals are aware of which language should be spoken with which person in a particular situation. So they are more sensitive(敏感的) to the needs of the listener than the people who only use one language: Being bilingual also improves and enriches a person's mental development.
Being bilingual has a positive effect on a person's character. The bilinguals are able to switch between different languages and talk to different people in various languages. It increases a sense of self-esteem( 自尊). Being bilingual creates a powerful link in different people from different countries.
A bilingual education offers better curriculum results. The bilinguals tend to show a higher performance in examinations and tests. The bilinguals find it quite easy to learn and speak three, four or more languages.
Being bilingual offers potential employment benefits. It offers a wider choice of jobs in various fields. The bilinguals can get a great many career opportunities in transport, tourism, public relations, marketing and sales, banking, translation, law, teaching and so on.
So it can be concluded from the above that we should try our best to learn and master two or more languages.
Title: __________ of being bilingual

_______	Having the knowledge of two or more languages.
Benefits	Cognition	● Make a person think __________. ● Make a person more sensitive to the listener's __________. ● Improve and enrich a person's mental development.
______	● Increase a person's sense of ________. ●Create a powerful link in different people from different countries.
Curriculum	● Enable a person to _____ better in examinations and tests. ● Make a person easily learn and speak more languages.
_______	● Offer a person more __________ in finding jobs.
_______	We should try our best to learn and master two or more languages.

Celebrating sleep
World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide. Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance. As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common.
In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa. Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia (失眠) and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline insomnia. In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 percent said that they felt very sleepy during the day.
Overall, the survey found that many people suffer from the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night. The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also interfere with sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep. The survey’s findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night. The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating. If this happens for a long time, the risk of gaining weight and having a heart attack may increase.
There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep. First, you should have regular sleep habits. Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you. At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping.
Getting a good night’s sleep is important for everyone. By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day.
根据短文内容，完成下列表格。

Topic	Content
World Sleep Day	Owing to ________ of the importance of sleep, people celebrated World Sleep Day, bringing attention to the increasing problems of sleep.
Responses of the survey	Of 35,000 people in 10 countries in the world, there were 24% of the people_______ from sleeplessness. 31.6 % were diagnosed with insomnia and another 17.5% were on the edge of insomnia. The________ of the people feeling sleepy during the day is 11.6. 30.7 % reported_______ to a doctor for sleep problems.
_______ causing sleep problems & their consequences	Under _______ from school or work, people may have sleep problems. Poor quality sleep also _______ from noise or light pollution. Feeling tired and sleepy, people have difficulty _______ on what they are doing. It is likely that sleepless people easily put on weight and have a heart attack.
_______ to take to improve sleep quality	Have regular sleep habits. Make your bedroom cool, dark and quiet. Avoid things _______ caffeine.

_____________________ ______________
______________ ______________ _______

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人一个最恰当的单词。每空一词。
In the professional world, oral communication skills in the workplace, which are the art of using speech to convey information, thoughts and feelings to others, are important for the success of any organizations.
The 21st century has been considered to be an era of communication. The way we convey our thoughts is of great importance in building relationships. In the workplace, there are employees of diverse cultural and educational backgrounds. This makes team work on a difficult task, but with a clear understanding of the task to be achieved, all members work towards the same goal. Misunderstandings, conflicts and differences in opinions are easily managed when there is a clear flow of communication between team members.
With proper communication, a close relationship and trust build among the employees, therefore promoting excellent working conditions. An atmosphere of support and cooperation is promoted by properly conveying expectations of the management team to the employees and vice versa (相反的情况). Therefore, developing oral communication skills is important to success in life ahead.
How to improve oral communication? In the business world, individuals are expected to be confident about their beliefs and ideas. Therefore, they must include words like “in my opinion”， “as far as I know”. While improving skills on oral communication, people in the workplace must learn the art of listening. In addition, one must also have a positive body language during conversations. A person with a smiling face and positive attitude can raise the spirits of everyone around him. When we're talking to someone, we must give the other person an opportunity to talk as it improves our listening ability.
Communication is an art and it can be improved by working on it constantly. Since it is not an overnight work, one needs to learn it by observing people who are good at it.

Title	Oral communication skills in the workplace
________	The art of using speech to convey information, thoughts and feelings to others.
Importance	●The way we convey our thoughts plays a major ________ in building relationships. ●Understanding the task ________ makes employees work towards the same goal. ●A clear flow of communication can easily ________ the misunderstandings, conflicts and differences in opinions. ●Good relationships and trust among the employees built with proper communication can ________ excellent working conditions. ●Conveying expectations can promote support and cooperation.
________to improving oral communication	●Use words like “in my opinion” to show your ________ about your beliefs and ideas. ●Learn to be a good ________ in the workplace. ●Avoid using a ________ body language during conversations. ●Smile and be positive to delight the people around you. ●Give the other person a chance to talk in a conversation.
Conclusion	Communication can be improved with ________ effort and we should learn from those who are good at it.