第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：选择题（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I must have been about fourteen then, and I put away the incident from my mind with the
easy carelessness of youth. But the words, Carl Walter spoke that day, came back to me years
later, and ever since have been of great value to me.
Carl Walter was my piano teacher. During one of my lessons he asked how much practicing I was doing. I said three or four hours a day.
"Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?"
"I try to."
"Well, don't," he exclaimed. "When you grow up, time won't come in long stretches. Practice in minutes, whenever you can find them five or ten before school, after lunch, between household tasks. Spread the practice through the day, and piano-playing will become a part of your life."
When I was teaching at Columbia, I wanted to write, but class periods, theme-reading, and committee meetings filled my days and evenings. For two years I got practically nothing down on paper, and my excuse was that I had no time. Then I remembered what Carl Walter had said. During the next week I conducted an experiment. Whenever I had five minutes unoccupied, I sat down and wrote a hundred words or so. To my astonishment, at the end of the week I had a rather large manuscript ready for revision, later on I wrote novels by the same piecemeal method. Though my teaching schedule had become heavier than ever, in every day there were idle moments which could be caught and put to use. I even took up piano--playing again, finding that the small intervals of the day provided sufficient time for both writing and piano practice.
There is an important trick in this time--using formula: you must get into your work quickly. If you have but five minutes for writing, you can't afford to waste four chewing your pencil. You must make your mental preparations beforehand, and concentrate on your task almost instantly when the time comes. Fortunately, rapid concentration is easier than most of us realize.
I admit I have never learnt how to let go easily at the end of the five or ten minutes. But life can be counted on to supply interruptions. Carl Walter has had a tremendous influence on my life. To him I owe the discovery that even very short periods of time add up to all useful hours I need, if I plunge（投入）in without delay.
56．The meaning of “stretch” in the underlined part is the same as that in sentence “ ”.
A．The forests in the north of the province stretch for hundreds of miles.
B．Bob worked as a government official for a stretch of over twenty years.
C．My family wasn’t wealthy by any stretch of the imagination.
D．During his senior year his earnings far enough to buy an old car.
57．Which of the following statements is true?
A．The writer didn’t completely take the teacher’s words to heart at first.
B．Carl Walter has had a great influence on the writer's life since he became a student.
C．The writer owes great thanks to his teacher for teaching him to work in long stretches.
D．Rapid concentration is actually more difficult than most people imagine.
58．We can infer that the writer .
A．has new books published each year however busy his teaching is
B．is always tired of interruptions in life because his teaching schedule is always heavy
C．has formed a bad habit of chewing a pencil while writing his novels
D．can find sufficient time for mental preparations beforehand, so he's devoted to work instantly
59．What is the best title of this passage?
A．Concentrate on Your Work B．A Little at a Time
C．How I Became a Writer D．Good Advice Is Most Valuable
More than 2 million US teenagers have suffered a serious bout（发作) of depression in the past year, according to a federal government survey released on Tuesday.
On average, 8.5 percent of adolescents aged 12 to 17 described having had a major depressive episode in the previous year, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reported.
But there were "striking differences" by sex, with 12.7 percent of girls and 4.6 percent of boys affected.
Depression is the leading cause of suicide, which in turn is the third-leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds in the United States.
"Combined 2004 to 2006 data show that rates of past year major depressive experience among youths aged 12 to 17 generally increased with increasing age," the researchers wrote.
Researchers at SAMHSA and RTI International in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, prepared the report using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
More than 67,700 youths aged 12 to 17 answered questions about mood and depression. They were also asked to rate how depression affected them using the Sheehan Disability Scale, which measures impact on family, friends, chores at home, work and school.
Researchersdefined a major depressive episode as two weeks or longer of depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure, and at least four other symptoms(症状) such as problems with sleep, energy, concentration or self-image.
Nearly half of the teenagers who had major depression said it severely damaged their ability to function in at least one of the areas on the disability scale.
"Fortunately, depression responds very well to early intervention and treatment," SAMHSA Administrator Terry Cline said in a statement.
63. The underlined word “ episode ”in paragraph 2 has the similar meaning as the given word
A. experiment B. feeling C. expression D. experience
64. The main reasons which lead to serious depressive symptoms include .
A. no family or friends or jobs or interests at all
B. low spirits , unhappiness , lack of sleep and poor concentration
C. poor health , sex discrimination , less energy and loss of interest
D. suicide , sandness , lack of confidence and depression
65. What can be implied , but is not stated directly ?
A. depression is the third-leading cause of suicide
B. There were more girl students suffering depression than boys
C. There were over 2 million American teens suffering depression in the past two years
D. The students surveyed were aged between `12 and 17
66. What will the following paragraph probably talk about according to the passage ?
A. How to recover from stress B. How to prevent and treat depression
C. How to live a comfortable life D. How to have a happy feeling
People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. Some personal computers do without an outside link, like someone's secret cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections.
The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue (流氓) loose in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory. He could even take control of the entire system by inserting his own instructions in the software that runs it. He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.
Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in is more and more in the news, intelligent kids vandalizing（破坏）university records, even pranking (恶作剧) about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters. A potential for disaster is building: A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from some files; A student sends out a "virus", a secret and destructive command, over a national network. The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems. Such disastrous cases have already occurred. Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Destroging a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. Yet neither business nor government has done enough to strengthen its defenses against attack. For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication, the main reason for using computers in the first place.
59. People usually regard computers as .
A. a small cabin at the end of a street
B. part of a network
C. means of exchanging intelligence
D. personal machines disconnected from outside
60. The writer mentions “ a thief ”in the second paragraph most probably to .
A. look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people
B. demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves
C. tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays
D. show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief
61. According to the passage , a hacker may do all the damages below EXCEPT .
A. destroying computer systems .
B. creating many electronic-age terms .
C.. entering into computer systems without being discovered
D. attacking people’s e-mails
62. By saying “ Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer ”(the underlined ) the writer means that .
A. students who send out a “ virus ”may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers
B. some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems
C. some employees may erase information from some files
D. some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails
The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world’s technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers.
Since 1976, employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-old the near term source of future PhDs is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields law，medicine，business，etc. While the number of U.S. PhDs in science and engineering declines，the award of PhDs to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.
Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelor‘s and Master‘s degree holders. Too often，promising PH.D.candidates, confronting(面临) the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education, find the attraction of industry irresistible.
67. The U.S.will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.
A. the number of PH.D. degree holders is declining
B. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing
C. the number of 22-year-ilds is declining
D. scientists and engineers are not employed
68. The field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .
A. technology B. foreign nationals
C. such fields as law，medicine and business
D. postgraduates
69. Large-scale enterprises now need _______.
A. bright graduates and postgraduates B. new inventions
C. advanced technology D. engineers
70. PH.D. candidates "find the attraction of industry irresistible" means that _________.
A. they find industry is attracting more and more college students
B. they don’t think they can prevent themselves from working for industry
C. they cannot resist any attraction from all sides
D. they cannot work for industry any longer
More than 2 million US teenagers have suffered a serious bout（发作) of depression in the past year, according to a federal government survey released on Tuesday.
On average, 8.5 percent of adolescents aged 12 to 17 described having had a major depressive episode in the previous year, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reported.
But there were "striking differences" by sex, with 12.7 percent of girls and 4.6 percent of boys affected.
Depression is the leading cause of suicide, which in turn is the third-leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds in the United States.
"Combined 2004 to 2006 data show that rates of past year major depressive experience among youths aged 12 to 17 generally increased with increasing age," the researchers wrote.
Researchers at SAMHSA and RTI International in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, prepared the report using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
More than 67,700 youths aged 12 to 17 answered questions about mood and depression. They were also asked to rate how depression affected them using the Sheehan Disability Scale, which measures impact on family, friends, chores at home, work and school.
Researchersdefined a major depressive episode as two weeks or longer of depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure, and at least four other symptoms(症状) such as problems with sleep, energy, concentration or self-image.
Nearly half of the teenagers who had major depression said it severely damaged their ability to function in at least one of the areas on the disability scale.
"Fortunately, depression responds very well to early intervention and treatment," SAMHSA Administrator Terry Cline said in a statement.
63. The underlined word “ episode ”in paragraph 2 has the similar meaning as the given word
A. feeling B. expression C. experience D. experiment
64. The main reasons which lead to serious depressive symptoms include .
A. low spirits , unhappiness , lack of sleep and poor concentration
B. poor health , sex discrimination , less energy and loss of interest
C. suicide , sandness , lack of confidence and depression
D. no family or friends or jobs or interests at all
65. What can be implied , but is not stated directly ?
A. There were more girl students suffering depression than boys
B. There were over 2 million American teens suffering depression in the past two years
C. The students surveyed were aged between `12 and 17
D. depression is the third-leading cause of suicide
66. What will the following paragraph probably talk about according to the passage ?
A. How to have a happy feeling B. How to live a comfortable life
C. How to recover from stress D. How to prevent and treat depression
People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. Some personal computers do without an outside link, like someone's secret cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections.
The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue (流氓) loose in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory. He could even take control of the entire system by inserting his own instructions in the software that runs it. He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.
Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in is more and more in the news, intelligent kids vandalizing（破坏）university records, even pranking (恶作剧) about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters. A potential for disaster is building: A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from some files; A student sends out a "virus", a secret and destructive command, over a national network. The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems. Such disastrous cases have already occurred. Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Destroging a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. Yet neither business nor government has done enough to strengthen its defenses against attack. For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication, the main reason for using computers in the first place.
59. People usually regard computers as .
A. part of a network
B. means of exchanging intelligence
C. personal machines disconnected from outside
D. a small cabin at the end of a street .
60. The writer mentions “ a thief ”in the second paragraph most probably to .
A. show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief
B. tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays
C. demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves
D. look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people
61. According to the passage , a hacker may do all the damages below EXCEPT .
A. attacking people’s e-mails . B. destroying computer systems .
C. creating many electronic-age terms .
D. entering into computer systems without being discovered
62. By saying “ Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer ”(the underlined ) the writer means that .
A. some employees may erase information from some files
B. students who send out a “ virus ”may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers
C. some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems
D. some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails