People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short , he has solved the problem.
36.What is the best title for this passage?
A. Six Stages for Repairing Sam’s Bicycle B. Possible Ways to Problem-solving
C. Necessities of Problem Analysis D. Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem
37. In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except .
A. recognize and define the problem B. look for information to make the problem clearer
C. have suggestions for a possible solution
D. find a solution by trial or mistake
38. By referring to Sam’s broken bicycle, the author intends to _________.
A. illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle
B. discuss the problems of his bicycle
C. tell us how to solve a problem
D. show us how to analyze a problem
39. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. People do not analyze the problem they meet.
B. People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.
C. People may learn from their past experience.
D. People can not solve some problems they meet.
40. As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short” means _________.
A. in the long run B. in detail C. in a word D. in the end
Clyde, a small-clawed otter, was moved from Auckland Zoo to Wellington Zoo two months ago. The zookeepers hoped he and the other otter Bonnie might start a family together.
But only two days after he arrived, Clyde went missing. He had dug his way under one of the walls and was nowhere to be seen.
The zookeepers set up cages inside the zoo, with plates of Clyde’s favorite fish in them, hoping to catch him.
Two days went by and still there was no sign of Clyde.
At last a couple saw Clyde at their house --- a whole kilometer away in Newtown. Clyde was hiding in an out-of-reach hole outside their laundry.
The zookeepers arrived and set up some more traps to try to catch him. But Clyde is a pretty smart otter. Twice he managed to get the fish out of a trap without being caught.
Five days after he’d escaped, Clyde’s days on the run came to an end when he was finally caught in one of the traps.
It was no good putting Clyde back in his old home---he’d only dig his way out again. So he and Bonnie were put into the zoo hospital. There was no chance of their escaping from there.
Meanwhile, the zookeepers were working hard to make Clyde’s old home safer. They put an iron barrier underground to stop him digging their way out. Then Bonnie and Clyde went home again.
But a month after his first escape, Clyde was out again. Once more the zookeepers came
hurrying to catch Clyde. They found him by following the bubbles he made in the river nearby.
Nobody knew how Clyde had escaped. But this time he was only out for an hour. So---back he went to the hospital again.
Poor Clyde. It seemed that he wasn’t happy at Wellington Zoo, even though he and Bonnie were getting on well together. The keepers didn’t like seeing him unhappy, so they planned to look for a home for him somewhere else.Where was Clyde found after his first escape?
| A．Back in Auckland Zoo. | B．In a river nearby. |
| C．At a house a kilometer away. | D．In the zoo hospital. |
How did zookeepers catch Clyde after his second escape?
| A．They set up cages in the zoo. |
| B．They attracted Clyde with fish. |
| C．They dug a hole outside his home. |
| D．They followed the bubbles in the water. |
What do we know about Clyde?
| A．He often gets ill. |
| B．He is good at digging. |
| C．He likes hiding in a hole. |
| D．He escaped to meet Bonnie. |
Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?
| A．A news report. | B．An advertisement. |
| C．A book review. | D．A research paper. |
William Shakespeare was a writer of plays and poems. Some of his most famous plays are Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth. He wrote thirty-seven plays in all. They are still popular today.
He was born in 1564 in England. At school he liked watching plays. He decided to be an actor when he finished school at the age of fourteen. In 1582, he married a farmer’s daughter. She was eight years older than he was. Their first child was a daughter. Later they had twins. In 1585, Shakespeare left his hometown, Stratford-upon-Avon. His wife and children stayed behind. No one knows why he left or what he did between 1585 and 1592.
At twenty-eight he moved to London and joined a theatre company which opened the Globe Theatre in 1599. He became an actor, and he also wrote plays. He usually acted in his own plays. He earned almost no money from his writing. But he made a lot of money from acting. With the money he bought a large house in his hometown.
At the age of forty-nine, Shakespeare retired (退休) and went to live in Stratford-upon-Avon. He died at the age of fifty-two. He left his money to his family. He left his genius to the world. You still see his plays in English and in many other languages. He is one of the most famous writers in the world.Shakespeare wrote many famous plays except _______.
| A．Hamlet | B．Macbeth |
| C．Romeo and Juliet | D．Man and Superman |
Shakespeare decided to be an actor in _______.
| A．1578 | B．1582 | C．1599 | D．1616 |
In 1585, Shakespeare left his hometown Stratford-upon-Avon _______.
| A．with his wife | B．with his daughter |
| C．with his wife and children | D．alone |
Shakespeare got much money from _______.
| A．writing | B．plays | C．acting | D．retirement |
According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? ________.
| A．Shakespeare had two children |
| B．Shakespeare wrote both plays and poems |
| C．Shakespeare left his money to the Globe Theatre |
| D．Shakespeare wrote plays in English and some other languages |
“No man is an island” is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion. It was written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely lonely life. Without other people, life will become empty and sad. We all need to have friends.
For some of us, although making friends is not difficult, feeling shy, we may not want to make the first move. It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have.
There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous. This “how to” book about getting along with other people became a best seller. It was later put into 28 languages.
Dale Carnegie’s advice seems to be simple, but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is the list of advice from his book:
Be friendly and polite.
Always greet with a smile. Begin with “Excuse me” or “Would you please” when you want to ask somebody. Remember to say “Thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can.
Go out of your way to be nice.
Find some time to do special things for other people. Making some soup for a sick neighbour may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbor feel a lot better.
Remember names.
They say that the sweetest music to a person’s ears is the sound of his or her own name.
Be open-minded.
Try to understand other people’s ways and ideas and learn something from them.
Listen patiently.
When someone is talking to you, look at him or her, listen carefully and say something when necessary.The underlined sentence “No one can live a completely lonely life.” means “_____”.
| A．No one can live a hard life. | B．No one can live without difficulty. |
| C．No one can live alone. | D．No one can live on an island. |
The best title for the passage should be _______________.
| A．How to Make Friends | B．A Famous Book |
| C．Friendship First | D．John Donne and Dale Carnegie |
Some of us find it not easy to make friends because _____________.
| A．we are afraid of making bad friends |
| B．we are shy to take the first action |
| C．we feel sure that we already have enough friends |
| D．we feel worried that we won’t be able to keep our friends |
We can learn from the passage that ________________.
| A．John Donne learned something from Dale Carnegie |
| B．Friends are always friends |
| C．Few people bought Carnegie’s book |
| D．The writer of this passage agrees with John Donne and Dale Carnegie |
Which of the following is not talked about in Carnegie’s book?
| A．Say “Excuse me” before you ask. |
| B．Don’t visit your neighbors too often. |
| C．Think more about others. |
| D．People enjoy hearing their own names. |
Now some women are spending a weekend at Mother’s Camp（营地）. There, husbands and children are not allowed. Why would a woman want to take a vacation without her family? Some women say they need time to be alone.
At Mother’s Camp a woman has room to herself. She can sleep, read or watch TV, and no one will bother her. No children will ask, “Mom, what’s for dinner?” No husband will say, “Oh, dear, I can’t find any clean socks.” In fact almost 50% of women in the United States work outside the home. Many of them work full-time and then come home to a second job----taking care of their homes and families. These working women say one of their biggest problems is housework.
In the United States, working wives do about 75% of the housework. Many of their husbands say they want to help. But then they burn the rice or they can’t find the pans. They ask so many questions that their wives decide it is easier to do the job themselves.
Some women go to Mother’s Camp just to get a break from housework. For two days they don’t cook, they don’t clean, they don’t look after their children and husbands. What do they do? They enjoy warm, sunny weather, walking, swimming or boating in a clear blue lake and sing songs around the campfire. They relax away from home. They have a really wonderful vacation at Mother’s Camp. From this passage we can seein the United States.
| A．women want to work outside the home |
| B．working wives do most of the housework |
| C．husbands do as much housework as their wives |
| D．women do not like to stay at home with their families |
At Mother’s Camp, women can’t .
| A．watch TV | B．read newspapers |
| C．swim in the lake | D．bring their husbands and children |
Why would some mothers like to be alone? Because.
| A． they don’t like their husbands and children |
| B． they have to work full-time |
| C． they are too busy to relax themselves |
| D． they want a new life |
is one of the biggest troubles for working wives in the United States.
| A．Housework | B． Working outside the home |
| C．When to take a vacation | D． Looking after their children |
What’s the best title for this passage?
| A．Busy Working Mothers | B．Welcome to Mother’s Camp |
| C．Mothers Relax Away from Home | D．Mothers in the US |
All around the world, people drink tea. But tea does not mean the same thing to everyone. In different countries people have very different ideas about drinking tea.
In China, for example, tea is always served when people get together. The Chinese drink it at any time of the day at homes or in teahouses. They prefer their tea plain with nothing else in it. Tea is also important in Japan. The Japanese have a special way of serving tea called a tea ceremony. It is very old and full of meaning. Everything must be done in a special way in the ceremony. There is even a special room for it in Japanese homes.
Another tea drinking country is England. In England, the late afternoon is “teatime”. Almost everyone has a cup of tea then. The English usually make tea in teapot and drink it with cream and sugar. They also eat cakes, cookies and little sandwiches at teatime.
In the United States people drink tea mostly for breakfast or after meals. Americans usually use tea bags to make their tea. Tea bags are faster and easier than making tea in teapots. In summer, many Americans drink cold tea --- “iced tea”. Sometimes they drink iced tea from cans, like soda.The passage is mainly talking about _________.
A. Chinese teaB why tea is important
C. the teatime in England D. different ways of tea drinkingThe word “plain” in line 4 may mean _____________.
| A．simple | B．going | C．hard | D．drink |
The Chinese drink tea __________.
| A．for breakfast | B．in a special way |
| C．when they get together | D．only in teahouses |
Iced tea is popular _____________.
| A．in winter | B．in England | C．for lunch | D．in America |
The English like to _____________.
| A．eat something with their tea | B．drink their tea plain |
| C．have tea with dinner | D．drink their tea in teahouses |