In Colombia , there are some unwritten rules that people are used to , These rules are not officially established , but people do respect them . For example , on a bus , a person keeps a distance from another person , and people don’t like to touch each other . Many people come to work late because they prefer to wait for another bus if the first one is too crowded . They don’t want to have to stand too close to another person , or maybe they are afraid of starting a conversation .
A friend of mine in Colombia once said his mom got angry because he came home late , so he asked her , “ Mom , what do you think of most people arriving at their jobs so late ? ” That gave her the answer to her question since everyone knows no one wants to get on a bus that is too crowded . His mother realized at that moment that customs have a big influence on a person’s life .
Sometimes , people don’t like to make any kind of conversation or make eye contact with others . For example , when they are in line at a bank , they prefer to look up or down rather than look at other people .
Moreover , people usually look down when they are in an elevator . Not only on a bus , in line at a bank , and in an elevator do people usually avoid talking to other people , but also in the streets when they are walking , they prefer to look down and to avoid contact with others .. Why do many people get to work late in Colombia ?
| A．They always think the next bus will be better . |
| B．They don’t want to get on crowded buses . |
| C．It’s an official rule in Colombia . |
| D．They get into conversations and miss their buses . |
. From the text we learn that __________ .
| A．customs influence people’s lives | B．a mother always understands her son |
| C．people respect each other in Colombia | D．people like to talk in elevators in Colombia |
. When people in Colombia are in line at banks , they __________ .
| A．make eye contact | B．look at other people |
| C．make conversation | D．look up or down |
. What would be the best title for the text ?
| A．What People Do in Different Situations | B．Avoid Getting on a Crowded Bus |
| C．Special Customs in Colombia | D．Obeying Unwritten Rules |
Many ___ choose to give up meat because they believe it is cruel to kill animals for food.
| A．vegans | B．vegetarian | C．fruitarians | D．researchers |
According to the text, “vegetarians” ref
er to people who choose ___.
| A．not to eat meat or fish | B．to eat meat or fish |
| C．not to eat protein | D．to eat vegetables |
____ only eat fruit and vegetables that have not been killed when harvested.
| A．Vegetarians | B．Veggies | C．Vegans | D．Fruitarians |
According to the text, which one of the following is not mentioned?
| A．Only in China, there are so many people eating meat. |
| B．There are many vegetarians in Europe. |
| C．Vegetarian diets are healthier than the average western diet. |
D．There are many reasons for people turning vege tarians. |
Mark was walking home from school one day when he saw the boy in front of him fall over and drop all of the book
s he was carrying, along with two sweaters, a basketball and a walkman（随身听）. Mark stopped and helped the boy pick up these things. Since they were going the same way, he helped to carry some of his things. As they walked, Mark knew that the boy’s name was Bill, that he loved computer games, basketball and history, and that he was having lots of troubles with his other subjects and that he had just broken up with his girlfriend.
They arrived at Bill’s home first and Mark was invited in for a Coke and to watch some television. The afternoon passed happily with a few laughs and some small talk, and then Mark went home. They often saw each other at school, had lunch together once or twice, and then they both finished middle school. They ended up in the same high school where they sometimes saw and talked with each other over the years. At last just three weeks before they finished high school, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.
Bill asked Mark if he still remembered the day years ago when they had first met. “Did you ever think why I was carrying so many things home that day?” asked Bill. “You see, I cleaned out my locker(锁柜) because I didn’t want to leave anything for anyone else. I had put away some of my mother’s sleeping pills and I was going home to kill myself. But after we spent some time together talking and laughing, I began to 
understand that if I killed myself, I would have missed that time and so many others that might follow. So you see, Mark, when you picked up those books that day, you did a lot more. You saved my life.”When Mark met him the first time, Bill was going _______.
| A．to have a basketball game | B．to his classroom |
| C．to see Mark | D．back home |
From what Bill was carrying, we can know that he _______.
| A．was a good student | B．liked sports and music |
| C．liked all the subjects in school | D．was a good friend |
Mark and Bill _______.
| A．were in the same middle school and high school |
| B．were in the same middle school but not in the same high school |
| C．often had lunch together at school |
| D．had known each other before they began to study in middle school |
In this passage, the phrase “break up” means _______.
| A．相处很好 | B．和好如初 | C．关系破裂 | D．保持联系 |
When Mark helped Bill to pick up some of his things, he _______.
| A．knew he could save Bill’s life |
| B．knew who Bill was and wanted to help him |
| C．didn’t know why he was going to help him |
| D．didn’t know what he was doing was very important to Bill |
A great French writer said that we should help everyone as much as possible because we often need help ourselves. The small even can help the great. To this effect, he tells a simple story.
An ant was drinking at a small river and fell in. She tried hard to reach the side, but made no progre
ss at all. The poor ant, almost tired out, was still bravely doing her best when a bird saw her. Moved with pity, the bird threw her a blade (叶片) of grass, which supported her like a boat, and thus she
reached the bank again. While she was resting and drying herself in the grass she heard a man coming near. He was walking along barefooted and carrying a gun in his hand. As he saw the bird he wished to kill her, and he would certainly have done so, but the ant bit him in the foot just before he raised his gun to 
fire. He stopped to see what had bit him, and the bird immediately flew away. It w
as an animal much weaker and smaller than herself that had saved her life. According to the French writer, we often need help from others, therefore we should________.
| A．not help others | B．help those who may be helpful to us |
| C．get as much help as possible | D．help others as much as we can |
The ant finally got on the bank _______.
A．when t he water pushed her |
B．with the help of a piece of wood |
| C．with the help of a blade of grass | D．when the bird reached out a leg for her |
The French writer tells the story in order to show _______.
| A．how an ant saved a bird | B．how brave the ant is |
| C．how clever the bird is | D．even the small can help the great |
People who are outdoors in cold weather should avoid actions like suddenly lifting a heavy basket full of snow. Even walking through heavy, wet snow can strain a person’s heart.
Many people aren’t conditioned to the physical stress of outdoor activities and don’t know the dangers of being outdoors in cold weather. Those who like winter sports can suffer accidental hypothermia if they don’t make certain preparations.
Hypothermia means the body temperature has fallen below normal. It occurs when your body can’t produce enough energy to keep the internal (内部的) body temperature warm enough. It can kill you. Heart failure causes most deaths in hypothermia.
Children, the elderly and those with heart disease are at special risk. As people age, their ability to keep a normal internal body temperature often decreases. Elderly people can suffer hypothermia without knowing they’re in danger because they can’t notice the cold conditions as quickly as the young.
Besides cold temperatures, high winds, snow and rain can also steal body heat. Wind is especially dangerous because it removes the layer of heated air from around your body. At 30 degrees Fahrenheit in a 20-mile-per-hour wind, the cooling effect is equal to calm air at four degrees. Similarly dampness (湿气) causes the body to lose heat faster than it would at the same temperature in drier conditions.
To keep warm, wear more clothes. This traps air between layers. Also, wear a hat or head scarf. Much of your body’s heat can be lost through your head. Keep your hands and feet warm, too, as they tend to lose heat rapidly.
Don’t drink alcohol before going outdoors or when outside. Alcohol makes you feel warm at first because blood vessels in the skin expand. But heat is then drawn away from the body’s important organs.The underlined word “strain” in Paragraph 1 means ________.
| A．injure | B．warm | C．control | D．burn |
What is implied in the passage about hypothermia?
| A．It means the body temperature falls rapidly. | B．Most heart attacks are caused by it. |
| C．It is not as scary as people think. | D．It can threaten a person’s life. |
Based on the passage, one of the reasons why the elderly are at special risk of suffering from hypothermia is that _______.
| A．they like exercising outside in cold mornings |
| B．they can’t notice cold conditions if they are not told |
| C．their body temperature is generally lower than young people’s |
| D．their ability to keep a normal internal body temperature is not so good |
What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
| A．What causes the body to lose heat faster. | B．The advantages of drier conditions. |
| C．What else can steal body heat. | D．Dangers of high winds. |
Which of the following is NOT a result of drinking alcohol before going outdoors?
| A．Feeling warm at first | B．The body’s heat is taken away |
| C．Blood vessels in the skin expand | D．The risk of hypothermia is reduced |
The United Nations says forty million people or so around the world went hungry in 2008, mainly because of higher food prices. Early estimates from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) show that 963 million people did not get enough to eat.
World food prices have dropped since early 2008. Prices of major crops have decreased by more than half from their height earlier last year. But they remain high compared to earlier years.
But FAO official Hafez Ghana says lower prices have failed to end the food crisis（危机）in many poor countries. "For millions in developing countries," he says, "getting enough food every day to live an active and healthy life is a distant dream.”
The FAO says food shortage is a threat to people's health. Today, two-thirds of the world's undernourished people live in just a few countries. These are India, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Ethiopia and so on.
A report on food insecurity warns that the current economic crisis could send even more people into hunger and poverty.
In sub-Saharan Africa, the percentage of the people who continually go hungry fell from 34% in 1997 to 30% in 2008. But the FAO says Ghana is the only country that has reached two sets of hunger reduction targets. These were set by the 1996 World Food Summit and the Millennium Development Goals. The main reason is the growth in agricultural production in Ghana.
The FAO says some countries in Southeast Asia like Thailand and Vietnam have made progress in hunger reduction goals. But South Asia and Central Asia haven't, and North Korea is still in hot water. What FAO official Hafez Ghana says implies _________.
| A．it's easy but takes long to provide people with enough food |
| B．enough food can make people more active and healthier |
| C．there is difficulty solving the food shortage in a short time |
| D．people in developing countries will never get enough food |
Ghana has reached the targets of hunger reduction mainly because of ________.
| A．the still high food prices | B．the donation of developed countries |
| C．the two targets of hunger reduction | D．the growth in agricultural production |
The underlined word “undernourished” in Para. 4 probably means _________.
| A．hungry and unhappy | B．unhealthy for lack of food |
| C．not fat because of poverty | D．undeveloped and poor |
Which country has not made progress in hunger reduction?
| A．North Korea | B．Thailand | C．Vietnam | D．Ghana |
What is the best title of this passage?
| A．The food production of the world | B．The hunger reduction target of the FAO |
| C．The food shortage around the world | D．The solution to the global food shortage |