With rising temperatures there’s concern for some freshwater fish. If the water gets too warm , then it can change their living activities .For some species in UK the river water needs to stay below 20℃. The problem is as the climate gets warmer so do the streams and rivers .The problem is particularly of concern for the smaller streams and rivers which respond to air temperature changes much more than the deeper and larger rivers .
The method to keep the temperatures of rivers down could be as simple as planting woodlands along the river course .Research has shown that trees cover lowland streams can keep water temperatures 5 ℃ lower than streams running through treeless environments .That 5 ℃ can make the difference between the water temperature being habitable for fish or being too warm for their living .
While it looks like a good method to a problem , there are things that need to be considered . We need to remember that trees are not the favorite habitat of all animals . Some of the habitats need open countryside . Trees can also bring their own problems .A nutrient poor stream has its own life . Plant trees alongside it and leaves fall in the stream. Falling leaves can change the nutritional makeup of the stream , which will affect the stream and local species of the stream . You have to be careful with this type of management, but his method does offer a real chance to help freshwater living things against climate changes and increasing temperatures.It can be inferred from the text that some freshwater fish ______.
| A．have to live in the small streams and rivers |
| B．never need to change their living activities |
| C．are threatened by increasing temperature s |
| D．are becoming rare and expensive in the UK. |
An easy method to protect freshwater fish is to ________ .
| A．develop more different fish species |
| B．explore lots of fish protection areas |
| C．make streams run into the deeper rivers |
| D．plant trees around the streams and rivers |
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the method ?
| A．It brings problems if the water grows warmer |
| B．It needs little management . |
| C．It has its advantages and disadvantages |
| D．It is green but costs a great deal of money |
What’s the main purpose of the text ?
| A．To help people know more about freshwater fish |
| B．To introduce a method to protect freshwater fish |
| C．To explain why freshwater fish lost their habitat |
| D．To show how the weather affects freshwater fish . |
On Sunday a few of us decided to take advantage of the first sunny day we’d have for ages to take a trip down to the coast to visit the penguins again. Last time I went down there was a couple of months ago and it was a dull cold day. Sunday couldn’t have been more different — clear skies and sunshine made it feel like summer, although it was still -25°C.
Six of us drove to the coast. It was the first time we’d been off the base on our own without our field assistant, so it had a slightly different feeling — more like a few friends going to the seaside than an Antarctic field trip! When we reached Windy Creek, we luckily caught sight of quite a few small flying seabirds, which are seldom seen there.
Once on the sea ice we found that some of the more curious penguins had wandered over from the main group to come and check us out. We’d been told that then they were nursing their chicks (刚孵出的幼雏) and they would be more careful and nervous than last time, but that didn’t seem to be the case. We walked across to the main group which were stretched for a couple of miles along the coast. We sat down for some sandwiches and soon found ourselves surrounded by many curious observers. Without any attackers on land, they were very brave and came within a meter of us to pose (摆姿势) for photos.
Before heading back, we spent a few hours on the sea ice watching the penguins and their chicks, which had grown dramatically (明显地) since our last visit.
It was such a nice day.When did the trip most probably happen?
| A．On a dull Sunday. | B．On a warm Sunday. |
| C．On a summer Sunday. | D．On a winter Sunday. |
It can be inferred from the second paragraph that the six people _____.
| A．felt a little nervous |
| B．felt a little excited |
| C．were left all by themselves on their Antarctic base |
| D．got bored with staying with their field assistant |
What does the writer mean by saying “but that didn’t seem to be the case”?
| A．They were told a lie. |
| B．A wrong decision was made. |
| C．The truth was the opposite. |
| D．They didn’t believe what they were told. |
The six people did the following during the trip EXCEPT _____.
| A．feed the penguins |
| B．take pictures of the penguins |
| C．enjoy watching flying seabirds |
| D．watch the young penguins |
You might be reading this article and saying, "Hey, that sounds just like me!" If so, we're glad you recognize that this happens to you．Now you can start taking steps to lessen your test anxiety．Here are some ways to do that:
Ask for help．Talk to your mom or dad, your teacher, or your school guidance counselor．Just talking to someone about test anxiety can make you feel better．Describe what happens to you when you're taking a test and these people can help you figure out some solutions．For instance, learning study skills can boost your test-day confidence．
Be prepared．Pay attention in class．Do your homework．Study for the test．On test day, you're more likely to feel like you know the material．
Block bad thoughts．Watch out for any negative messages you might be sending yourself about the test．These thoughts can make anxiety worse and make it harder for you to do well in the test.
________．Everyone makes mistakes．Be more forgiving of your own mistakes, especially if you prepared for the test and are set to do your best．
Breathe better．OK, so you already know how to breathe．But did you know that breathing exercises can help calm you down?（Just try not to take in too much air because it might make you feel dizzy．） Here's how to do it; Inhale （breathe in） slowly and deeply through your nose, and then exhale （breathe out） slowly through your mouth．Do this two to four times and you just might breathe more easily the next time you're taking a test!Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Having too many negative messages in mind leads to worse test anxiety, which may stop you from doing well in the test．
___________________________________________________________________Please fill in the blank in the last but one paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence, （not more than 10 words）
___________________________________________________________________Which of the tips do you think is the most useful? （not more than 30 words）
___________________________________________________________________What's the best title of the passage? （not more than 10 words）
___________________________________________________________________Translate the underlined sentence in the 6th paragraph into Chinese.
___________________________________________________________________
Friendship continues to remain central to our lives. Friends often affect our health and energy. More and more people are increasingly turning towards their friends for support and sharing rather than just communicating with their relatives. We may have a very unclear understanding of what makes a friend but we all want to have a good number of friends around us. There are certain things you do to help you make friends or at least help you get close to people whom you want to make friends with.
The first step to make friends with people is to make them like you. If they don’t like you in the first place, it is unlikely that they’ll be eager to become your friends. To let someone know that you are interested in him, simple gestures like a little smile and calling him by his name can help. To make the other person feel important, you need to be a good listener and to encourage him to talk. Give your honest and sincere opinion, but do not make fun of him.
The second step is to develop trust in each other. You need to share opinions with this person and it is necessary for you to develop a habit of seeing things from his point of view. To become the best of friends, you must show concern and consideration for your friends’ desires and opinions.
The third and final step is to show your support and encouragement towards your friend. Moreover, you also need to be very clear about your expectations from your friend. If what you expect from the person you want to be a friend matches with what that person can and wants to do in friendship, the developing friendship between you and your friend is sure to be easy and successful.What can we learn about friends and friendship?
| A．Friendship is not important in our life. |
| B．Friends have nothing to do with our health and energy. |
| C．Friends can provide us with support. |
| D．Relatives can not become friends. |
Which is the right order of making friends according to the writer?
① When you meet some problems, you ask him for help.
② When he is in trouble, you tell him your ideas.
③ You smile at him to let him know you like him.
| A．②①③ | B．①②③ | C．③①② | D．③②① |
We can infer from the passage that _____.
| A．you can’t call your friend by his name |
| B．friends should understand each other |
| C．there should be no secret between friends |
| D．friends don’t need support and encouragement |
What is the main purpose of the writer?
| A．To tell us about the importance of making friends. |
| B．To tell us about the advantages and disadvantages of friendship. |
| C．To introduce the steps for making friends. |
| D．To tell us that friends are hard to make. |
What’s the meaning of the underlined word gestures?
| A．身势语 | B．客人 | C．猜测 | D．表演 |
You speak, write a letter, and make a telephone call. Your words carry a message. People communicate with words. Do you think you can communicate without words?
A smile on your face shows you are happy or friendly. Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad. When you raise your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something or ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying "No". You nod and people know you are saying "Yes". Other things can also carry messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take. A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you where to go in or out. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all the time? People can communicate in many other ways. An artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things. Books are written to tell you about all the wonderful things in the world and also about people and their ideas. Books, magazines, TV and radios and films all help us to communicate with each other. They all help us to know what is going on in the world and what other people are thinking about. Can we communicate with each other without words?
| A．Yes, some times we can. |
| B．No, we can't. |
| C．No. It's impossible. |
| D．Yes, we always do so. |
When we see somebody smile, then, he must be feeling ____.
| A．angry |
| B．joyful |
| C．surprised |
| D．sad |
We can learn news from ____.
| A．newspapers |
| B．radio |
| C．TV |
| D．ABC |
A sign at the bus stop tells you ____.
| A．how many buses there are |
| B．what kind of bus it is |
| C．where the bus comes and goes |
| D．how much money you'll pay for the ticket |
What do you think is the quickest way to communicate with your friend in another city?
| A．Writing a letter. |
| B．Making a telephone. |
| C．Drawing a picture. |
| D．Asking someone else to take a message. |
A friend of mine was fond of drawing horse. He drew the horses very well, but he always began the tail. Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse, that is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly(肚子) or the foot of the horse, if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really know their business do not follow other people's rule. They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way peculiar( 奇特的) to himself; and the peculiarity means only that he finds it more easy to work in that way.
Now the very same thing is true to literature. And the question, "How shall I begin?" only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is, you are not yet experienced enough to trust to your own powers. When you become more experienced you will never ask the question, and I think that you will often begin at the tail -- that is to say, you will write the end of the story before you have even thought of the beginning. A friend of the writer's drew the horses ____.
| A．very well |
| B．in the way of western rule |
| C．in the way of his own rule |
| D．all of the above |
The writer was surprised because ____.
| A．the artist began to draw at the head of the horse |
| B．the artist began to draw at the tail of the horse |
| C．the artist made his own rule |
| D．the artist did not follow other people's rule |
You are not yet experienced because ____.
| A．you don't know where to begin |
| B．you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail |
| C．you always asked question |
| D．you do not trust to your own powers |
when you become more experienced you will ____.
| A．never ask question |
| B．often begin at the tail |
| C．should write the end of the story |
| D．should think of the beginning |
The topic of the passage is
| A．How to draw a horse |
| B．How to write a story |
| C．How to make your own rules |
| D．Trust to your own powers |