DHONGKONG—InChina,thesmartphon-优题课

Johnny Smith was a good math student at a high school. He loved his computer. He came home early every day, then he worked with it till midnight. But Johnny was not a good English student, not good at all. He got an F in his English class. One day after school Johnny joined his computer to the computer in his high school office. The school office computer had the grades of all the students: the math grades, the science grades, the grades in arts and music, and the grades in English. He found his English grade. An F! Johnny changed his English grade from an F to A. Johnny' parents looked at his report card. They were very happy.
"An A in English!" said Johnny's Dad. "You're a very clever boy, Johnny."
Johnny is a hacker. Hackers know how to take information from other computers and put new information in. Using a modem, they join their computers to other computers secretly. School headmasters and teachers are worried about hackers. So are the police, for some people even take money from bank computer accounts and put it into their own ones. And they never have to leave home to do it! They are called hackers.
Johnny changed his English grade with the computer in _______.

A．the classroom	B．the school office
C．a bank near his house	D．his own house

When Johnny's parents saw the report, they were happy because _______.

A．Johnny was good at math

B．Johnny loved computers

C．Johnny could join one computer to another

D．they thought Johnny was not poor in English any longer

Who are worried about hackers in the story?

A．Johnny's parents.

B．School headmasters, teachers and the police.

C．The police.

D．School headmasters and teachers.

What should the hackers know well, do you think, after you read this story?

A．Information.	B．Back computer accounts.
C．Computers.	D．Grades.

The last paragraph is about _______.

A．Johnny	B．computers
C．hackers	D．modem

Your smartphone(智能手机) can do a lot of things. It can call people. It connects to the Internet. It enables you to play fun games. But there is a dark side to this smart little device（设备）of yours – it might also spread disease.
“People are just as likely to get sick from their phones as from handles of the bathroom,” Jeffrey Cain, the president of the American Academy of Family Physicians, told The Wall Street Journal.
This may be hard to believe, but scientists reached this conclusion after they tested eight random cell phones from an office in Chicago. All the tested phones showed high numbers of coliforms(大肠菌), a kind of bacteria found in excrement(粪便)，with about 2,700 to 4,200 units of the bacteria on each phone. In drinking water, the healthy limit is less than 1 unit per 100 ml of water. This bacteria can cause flu, pinkeye（红眼病）and diarrhea(腹泻).
Although computers, keys and pens all carry germs(细菌), our smartphones get far dirtier. They touch a lot of stuff, including our hands and the inside of our pocket or purse. We take them almost everywhere: the bus, the subway and who hasn’t played Angry Birds of Fruit Ninja while sitting on the toilet?
“Some things that we think are personal are actually more public than we imagine,” Cain said.
What’s even worse is that after the phone returns from its dirty trip, it then spends most of its time cozying up to our faces. You don’t think about how often you touch your phone to your face, do you? Our noses, mouths and ears are all warm and rich in grease（油脂）, an environment that germs really like.
Compared to traditional keypads（键盘）, touch screens transmit（传播）germs more easily to hands. According to Time magazine’s website, an expert in Australia warned that playing with iPads and iPhones at Apple stores is a health risk.
So how do you keep your smartphone clean? Alcohol is effective when used to kill germs from the back and side of your phone. But it might harm the screen. There is one simple and reliable way you can reduce the germs on your phone’s surface: wash your hands regularly.
The underlined word “dark” in the first paragraph means .

A．black	B．hopeless
C．unclear	D．unpleasant

By saying “Some things we think are personal are actually more public than we imagine”, Cain meant that .

A．people love to share their smartphones more than they realize

B．our personal items could be as risky to our health as public items

C．smartphones are used in public places more than people realize

D．most people don’t know how dirty their cell phones are

Compared with traditional keypads, smartphones .

A．make contact with our hands more often

B．are greasier and need more alcohol to clean

C．get warm more easily and are harder to clean

D．get much nearer to our faces

What is the article mainly about?

A．Tips on the use of smartphones.

B．Health problems caused by the use of smartphones.

C．The danger of coliforms infection.

D．The influence that smartphones have on our life.

Just five minutes of exercise a day outdoors can improve mental health, according to a study.
Researchers from the University of Essex, UK have found that as little as five minutes of a “green activity” such as walking, gardening, cycling or farming could help to improve mood and increase self-esteem (自信).
Many studies have shown that outdoor exercise can reduce the risk of mental illness and improve a sense of well-being, but the new study, led by Jules Pretty and Jo Barton, was the first to determine how much time needed to be spent on green exercise for the benefits to show.
Barton and Pretty looked at data from 1,252 people of different ages, genders (性别) and mental health status (情况) taken from 10 studies in Britain.
They analyzed their different outdoor activities including walking, gardening, cycling, fishing, boating, horse-riding and farming in locations such as a park, garden or nature trail (路径).
They found that the mental health changes were seen after just five minutes. With longer periods of time exercising in a green environment, the positive effects were more apparent.
Looking at men and women of different ages, the researchers found the health changes were particularly strong in the young and the mentally ill.
Green and blue
A bigger effect was seen with exercise in an area that also contained water – such as a lake or river.
“This is because historically we are drawn to water to survive and it is in our genetic (遗传的) make-up to be at one with nature,” the researchers wrote in their report.
Pretty said those who were generally inactive, or stressed, or with mental illness would probably benefit the most from “green exercise”.
“Employers, for example, could encourage staff in stressful workplaces to take a short walk at lunchtime in the nearest park to improve mental health.”
He also said exercise programs outdoors could benefit youth offenders.
How is the study this article refers to different from other studies?

A．It determined the exact amount of time needed.

B．It took longer to finish the research.

C．It involved more people.

D．It was led by just two researchers.

What can we conclude from the findings of the study?

A．Gardeners and farmers do not need “green exercise”.

B．Just five minutes of “green exercise” daily can help improve mental health.

C．Walking in a park with a lake will weaken the effect.

D．“Green exercise” is not suitable for the mentally ill.

According to Pretty, _______ would probably benefit the most from “green exercise”.

A．stressed, inactive people

B．office worker

C．youth offenders

D．women and children

What is the main problem discussed in this article?

A．Physical well-being.	B．Mental illness.
C．Outdoor exercise.	D．Harmony with nature.

WHAT do you do when you feel lonely? Hide yourself away and spend your time reading, watching TV or walking around?
You might think that feeling lonely is just like feeling happy, sad or scared – that it’s just one of your various moods (情绪). That is true. However, if you let yourself be lonely for too long without dealing with it, you could be making a serious mistake.
Doctors have known for some time that feeling lonely is bad for the mind. It can lead to mental（心理的）health problems such as depression（抑郁）,stress and reduced confidence. “Being lonely means not feeling connected or cared for, it’s not about being physically alone,” Lisa Jaremka, scientist from Ohio State University, US, told Live Science in January. But there’s growing evidence that not having friends is connected with physical illness as well.
In 2006, for example, scientists studied 2,800 women who had cancer. They found that those who had few friends or family were five times more likely to die of their disease than women with many social contacts. Also, even healthy people had a better chance of falling ill if they felt left out by others, according to the BBC.
The results have scientists thinking that loneliness might hurt the immune system（免疫系统）, which protects the body from diseases.
Hoping to prove this theory, Jaremka and her research team put volunteers through a stress test. During the test, volunteers were asked to make an unprepared speech in front of a group of stony-faced people. The researchers found that volunteers who said they were lonely in their daily lives felt more stress during the test. And their blood samples showed that all the stress had managed to cause harmful changes to their immune system.
“Loneliness has been thought of in many ways as a chronic stressor（慢性增压器）--- a socially painful situation that can last for quite a long time,” explained Jaremka, who led the study.
The number of people suffering from loneliness is increasing all over the world. However, solving the problem is easier said than done. It won’t work to just “tell anyone to go out and find someone to love you”, said Jaremka. “ We need to create support networks.”
If people feel lonely for a long time, .

A．they won’t feel happy anymore

B．they are more likely to fall ill

C．they will find the feeling goes away by itself

D．they are more mentally harmed than physically

What was the purpose of the stress test carried out by Jaremka’s team?

A．To find out how people fight diseases.

B．To prove loneliness hurts people’s immune systems.

C．To see how people’s emotions change when they give unprepared speeches.

D．To find out the relationship between loneliness and stress.

What makes scientists think loneliness makes the body worse at fighting diseases?

A．Growing evidence of mental problems linked to loneliness.

B．Some research results about the relationship between cancer and loneliness.

C．Some studies showed that people who suffered from loneliness fell ill or died more easily than those who didn’t.

D．Different results after comparing healthy conditions of people who suffer from loneliness and those who don’t.

We can conclude from the article that .

A．loneliness has become the No 1 killer in the world.

B．loneliness is increasing due to advanced technologies.

C．lonely people lack the courage to make friends

D．much more work needs to be done to fight loneliness

WHEN he was 11 years old, he loved fishing in the lake near his family’s house in New Hampshire.
On the day before bass (鲈鱼) season began, he and his father went fishing in the evening. He tied a small silver lure (诱饵) on his fishing rod (鱼竿) and practiced casting. The lure struck the water and caused ripples (波纹) in the black water.
When his rod bent over, he knew something huge was on the other end. His father watched with admiration as the boy skillfully pulled the fish in. Finally, he lifted it from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.
The boy and his father looked at the handsome fish. The father lit a match and looked at his watch. It was 10pm —two hours before bass season began. The father looked at the fish, then at the boy.
“You’ll have to put it back, son.” he said.
“Dad!” cried the boy.
“There will be other fish,” said his father.
“Not as big as this one,” cried the boy.
He looked around the lake. No other fishermen or boats were anywhere around. He looked again at his father’s stern（坚决的）face. Even though no one had seen them, the boy knew that the decision was not negotiable（可商量的）.He slowly lowered the fish back into the water.
The creature swam away. The boy thought that he would never again see such a great fish.
That was 34 years ago. Today, the boy is a successful architect（建筑师）in New York City. His father’s house is still there by the lake. He takes his own son and daughters fishing there.
He has never again caught such a large fish as the one he landed that night long ago. But he does see that same fish again and again---every time he faces a question of right and wrong. His father taught him it is the practice of doing right that is difficult.
Do we do right when no one is looking?
Why did the father ask the boy to put the bass back in the water?

A．He wanted to teach him to love animals.

B．He didn’t want to fish bass at all.

C．It wasn’t bass season yet.

D．It was the custom to free a fish after catching it.

We can infer that the son was _____ when his father made the decision.

A．disappointed	B．confused
C．worried	D．determined

What does the fish in the article stand for?

A．Rewards.	B．Good lessons.
C．Family conflicts (冲突).	D．Right choices.

The story mainly conveys the idea that ______.

A．history repeats itself

B．opportunity seldom knocks twice

C．we might face difficult situations in every stage of life

D．whether or not anyone is watching, we should do the right thing