Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal or at least many parts of it have. In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned. Ideas about social class --- whether a person is “working class” or “middle class” are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.
In the past, the working class tended to be paid less than middle-class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers’ jobs were generally much less secure, evident differences in lifestyles and attitudes came into existence. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed, having given his wife her “housekeeping”, would go out and squander (挥霍) the rest on beer and betting.
The stereotype (模式化的思想) of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was --- and still is --- tended to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house as a most important thing , but he also considered the education of his children as extremely important. Both of these provided him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity ( or the education and training ) to make such long-term plans.
Nowadays, a great deal has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much, if not more, than their middle-class administrators. Social security and laws have made it less necessary than before to worry about “tomorrow”. Working class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority(自卑) they had in the past. In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.
The changes in both lifestyles and attitudes are probably most easily seen among younger people. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes; they spend their money in having a good time, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in precious generations. Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paid. As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility that new conflicts and jealousies will arise, or rather that the old conflicts will re-appear, but between different groups.According to the passage, which of the following is not a typical feature of the middle class?
A.Desiring for security. |
B.Making long-term plans. |
C.Having vision for the future. |
D.Saving money. |
The author seems to suggest that the description of ________________ is closer to truth.
A.middle-class ways of spending money |
B.working class ways of spending the weekend |
C.working class drinking habits |
D.middle-class attitudes |
Working class people’s sense of security increased as a result of all the following factors except _______________.
A.better social security | B.more administration |
C.higher self-confidence | D.less income inequality |
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A.Changes are slowly taking place in all sectors of the British society. |
B.The gap between working class and middle class young people is narrowing. |
C.Difference in income will remain but those in occupation will disappear. |
D.Middle-class people may sometimes feel inferior to working class people. |
When he was driving home one evening on a country road,he saw an old lady,stranded(抛锚的)on the side of the road.He stopped in front of her car and got out.Even with the smile on his face,she was worried.He looked poor and hungry.He knew how she felt.He said,“I am here to help you,madam.Why
don’t you wait in the car where it’s warm? By the way, my name is Joe.”
She had a flat tire.Joe crawled under the car,changed the tire.But he got dirty and his hands hurt.She could not thank him enough and asked him how much she owed him.He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back,the next time she saw someone who needed help,she could give that person the assistance they needed,and Joe added,“And think of me.”
She drove off.A few miles down the road the lady saw a small restaurant.She went in.The waitress had a sweet smile,and was nearly eight months pregnant(怀孕的).The old lady wondered how someone like her who seemed poor could be so kind to a stranger.Then she remembered Joe.After the lady finished her meal,the waitress went to get her change from a hundred—dollar bill.But she stepped right out the door.
When the waitress came back,she noticed something written on a napkin,“I am helping you because someone once helped me.If you really want to pay me back,here’s what you do---Do not let the chain of love end with you.”
That night when she got home,she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written.She and her husband needed money with the baby due(预期的)next month.She knew how worried her husband was,and as he lay sleeping next to her,she whispered,“Everything’s going to be all right.I love you,Joe.”..When Joe stopped to help the lady,she
A.became excited | B.was afraid to![]() |
C.refused his offer | D.thanked him |
..At the restaurant, the lady
A.received good service | B.had an expensive meal |
C.told the waitress Joe’s story | D.met another poor guest |
..Why did the lady leave the restaurant without getting her change?
A.She forgot it. | B.She wanted to help Joe |
C.She wanted to tip the waitress. | |
D.S![]() |
..Which of the following statements is true?
A.Joe’s boss fired him. | B.Joe worked as a driver. |
C.Joe’s wife was a waitress. | D.Joe had an unhappy marriage. |
Today about 70 countries use Daylight Saving Time (DST). Daylight Saving was first introduced during World War I in Australia. During the world wars, DST was used for the late summers beginning January 1917 and 1942, and the full summers beginning September 1942 and 1943.
In 1967, Tasmania experienced a drought(干旱). The State Government introduced one hour of daylight saving that summer as a way of saving power and water. Tasmanians liked the idea of daylight saving and the Tasmanian Government has declared daylight saving each summer since 1968. Persuaded by the Tasmanian Government, all states except two passed a law in 1971, for a test use of daylight saving. In 1972, New South Wales, South Australia and Vi
ctoria joined Tasmania for regular daylight saving, but Queensland did not do so until 1989.
Tasmania, Queensland and South Australia have had irregular plans, often changing their dates due to politics or festivals(节日). For example, in 1992, Tasmania extended(延长)daylight saving by an extra month while South Australia began extending daylight saving by two weeks for the Adelaide Festival. Special daylight saving plans were made during the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games.
The differences in daylight saving in Australia continue to cause serious problems in transport and many other social activities. It also reduces the number of hours in the working day that are common to all centers in the country. In particular, time differences along the east coast cause major differences, especially for the broadcasters of national radio and television.. Daylight Saving Time was introduced in Tasmania _______________.
A.to stop the drought in 1967 | B.to support government officials |
C.to pass a special law in the state | D.to save water and electricity |
.. What can we learn about DST in some Australian states?
A.It doesn’t have fixed dates. | B.It is not used in festivals. |
C.Its plan was changed in 2000. | D.It lasts for two weeks |
.. What do we know about the use of DST from the last paragraph?
A.There exists some undesirable effects. | B.It helps little to save energy. |
C.It brings about longer working days. | D.Radio and TV programs become different |
Explore the State of California
California is one of the most interesting states of America that offers a lot of wonderful sceneries and fun attractions. It is also the most populated state and the third largest in land area. Anyone who has been to California would agree that it is indeed a place that offers a lot to tourists of all ages. Here are some top picks of the best places to visit in California State.
San Francisco Bay Area - Witness the famous San Francisco Golden Gate Bridge which is one of the city's landmarks; and enjoy the beauty of Fisherman's Wharf that offers a lot of seafood restaurants. You should not miss the city's world-famous Cable Car System which is by far the only manually operated cable car system in the whole world.
Yosemite National Park - This is one of the very first wilderness parks in the whole of America. It is known for its natural beauty and breathtaking sceneries. It offers a breath of fresh air away from the city life. Major places to visit include the Yosemite Falls, Sentinel Dome, El Capitan, Mariposa Grove and Glacier Point among many others.
Los Angeles - Explore the home of the L.A. Lakers and do not fail to visit the Disneyland which is one of the major attractions of the city. The warm weather in Los Angeles makes it possible to do a lot of outdoor activities especially during the summer months. It is a family-friendly place that offers a wonderful shopping and dining experience. For those who particularly love the city and night life, L.A. can offer the best of almost everything.
Napa Valley - With over a million visitors every year, Napa Valley is indeed a place you should not
miss if you are in California. It is California's most popular wine growing region. You can also experience the Wine Train and hot air balloon ride over the valley.
From the first paragraph, we know that_____.
A.the State of California has the largest![]() |
B.California offers a lot to tourists of young people |
C.California is also the largest in land area |
D.California is the most interesting state of America |
. According to the passage, if you want to breathe the fresh air, you’ll go to _____.
A.San Francisco Bay Area |
B.Yosemite National Park |
C.Los Angeles |
D.Napa Valley |
. The underlined word “region” in the last paragraph may probably mean _____.
A.company | B.valley | C.factory | D.area |
. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.Napa Valley will bring us a wonderful shopping and dining experience. |
B.San Francisco Bay Area is California's most popular wine growing region. |
C.Los Angeles allows us to visit the Disneyland and enjoy almost everything. |
D.In Yosemite National Park, we can see the Yosemite Falls, Golden Gate Bridge. |
London Underground
The world’s first subway was built in London in 1863. At that time, the government was looking for a way to reduce traffic problems in the city of London. The poor areas of the city were so crowded with people that it was almost impossible for horse carriages to get through. The city officials were interested in trying to make it possible for workers to live outside of London and travel easily to work each day. If people h
ad a cheap and convenient way that they could depend on to go to and from work, they would relocate their homes outside of the city. This would help ease the pressure of too many people living in the poor parts of London. From these problems, the idea of the London Underground, the first subway system, was born.
The plans for building the Underground met with several problems and delays, but the fast track was finally opened in January 1863. A steam train pulled the cars along the fast underground track which was 6 kilometers (3.7 miles) long. About 30,000 people got on the subway the first day. Riders were treated to comfortable seats (standing up while the train was moving was not allowed), and pleasant decorations inside each of the cars. However, the smoke from the engin
e soon filled the air in the tunnels with ash and soot, as well as chemical gases. Fans had to be put in the tunnels later to keep the air clean enough for people to breathe. Even with its problems, riding in the Underground did catch on. It carried 9 million riders in the first year
.
.
What led the British government to build the London Underground?
A.Traffic jams and pollution |
B.Population and pollution |
C.Overcrowding and traffic jams |
D.The poverty and s![]() |
. The underlined phrase “catch on” most probably means “_____”.
A.be troublesome | B.become popular and fashionable |
C.keep up with | D.seize |
Which of the following is TRUE?
A.To locate the workers’ homes outside London, the government built the subway |
B.There were so many problems and delays that in the 18th century the first subway opened |
C.The subway greatly eased the pressure of traffic |
D.There were not enough seats for the passengers the first day the subway opened. |
. It seems that the writer is going to talk about _____.
A.more problems with subways | B.subways around the world later on |
C.th![]() |
D.the Beijing subway |
Reading is very important to help you learn English. To learn as much as you can from reading, you need to read different kinds of English. This book provides not only different kinds of English but also a good way to check your reading ability.
There are four parts in the book:
Part 1 is Messages: In this part somebody wants to wad(填塞) information in writing to somebody else. There is a test on timetables and a test on text messages.
Part 2 is People: In this part all the tests are about people. For example, there is an informal letter between friends. There is formal (正式的) English in biography (传记). There is a job application as a model to help with your writing, as well as testing your reading.
Part 3 is Places: In this part, too many different kinds of English are shown, some informal and some formal. There is informal English of a holiday postcard. There is also formal English in a letter of complaint.
Part 4 is Things: You will find some descriptive writing in this part. There are descriptions of clothes and of a computer.
You can do these tests in any order you like, or you can do all the tests with a formal or informal text. I enjoyed writing this book and I hope you enjoy using it.
. We can find the introduction to a product in _____.
A.Part 1 | B.Part 2 |
C.Part 3 | D.Part 4 |
. Which of the following is most probably written in informal English?
A.A letter of complaint. |
B.A computer handbook. |
C.A letter to a friend. |
D.A story of a president. |
The passage is most probably written for_____.
A.test designers | B.students |
C.test-takers | D.teachers |
. What is the best title of the book?
A.Test Your Reading |
B.Help with Your Writing |
C.Learn Different Kinds of![]() |
D.Practise Englis![]() |